How to Walk Your Dog Safely: Orthopedic Tips to Prevent Falls and Injuries

Before Jeffrey Geller, MD, sets out for a walk with his three dogs, he picks the right footwear, arranges the leashes to balance the weight, holds his core, and goes.

“My favorite walk with the dogs is a hike through a nature trail, accompanied by my wife,” says Dr. Geller. “It’s relaxing and great exercise.”

And the best part may be returning home in one piece. As an orthopedic surgeon, he’s seen the injuries improper dog-walking can cause, from knee sprains to a broken hip in a 75-year-old woman.

Dr. Geller shares his advice on how to stay safe and avoid injury.

How can walking a dog cause injury?

The most common dog-related injury we see is when a bigger dog gets excited and pulls too hard, causing someone to fall. Injuries to the wrist, shoulder and rotator cuff, elbow, and hip are the most frequent.

What’s the best way to walk a dog to avoid injury?

First, focus on supporting your core, which is the group of muscles in your abdomen, as well as your back and pelvis, that stabilize your body. Try to take controlled, deep breaths while engaging your core. 

Also, match your footwear with the terrain (like uneven paths or sidewalks) and conditions (like ice). Make sure you have good tread on your shoes or sneakers.

Finally, pay attention to your body by noticing any fatigue or tension. And be alert to your surroundings, such as curbs or sidewalk cracks.

Is there anyone who should not walk a dog, from an orthopedic standpoint?

If you have a history of balance problems or severe osteoporosis—which could make a fall devastating—you probably should not be walking dogs.

However, walking is important exercise, so instead of skipping the stroll, go with someone else who can hold the leash; this way, you get the activity while minimizing the risk.